From C#​

auto n = 5;                     // C#'s var
var anything = 5;               // C#'s dynamic
anything = "text";
int big = 2147483647;
array<int> xs = [1, 2];
map<string, int> m = {"a": 1};
print(type_of(n), " ", type_of(anything), " ", big + 1, " ", xs.size() + m.size());

class Unit {
    string name;
    int hp;
    Unit(string n, int h) { name = n; hp = h; }
}
array<Unit> units = [Unit("ogre", 30), Unit("imp", 8), Unit("elf", 15)];
units.sort((Unit a, Unit b) => a.hp < b.hp);
auto healthy = array::filter(units, u => u.hp > 10);
int total = units.reduce((int sum, Unit u) => sum + u.hp, 0);
array<string> names = array::map(healthy, u => u.name);
map<string, int> kills = {"ogre": 2};
print(units[0].name, " ", string::join(names, ", "), " ", total, " ", kills.get("imp", 0));

class Hero {
private:
    int hp_value = 10;
public:
    static int count = 0;
    string name;
    Hero(string n) { name = n; Hero::count += 1; }
    int _get_hp() { return hp_value; }
    void _set_hp(int v) { hp_value = v < 0 ? 0 : v; }
    string describe() { return name; }
    string to_string() { return name + " (" + hp_value + " hp)"; }
}
class Paladin : Hero {
    Paladin(string n) : super(n) {}
    string describe() override { return "Sir " + super::describe(); }
}
Paladin p = Paladin("Ada");
p.hp = -3;                       // through _set_hp
var anyone = p;
print(p.describe(), " ", p.hp, " ", Hero::count, " ", to_string(p), " ", type_of(anyone) == "Paladin");
print("hero: " + p);

coroutine int evens(int limit) {
    for (int i = 0; i < limit; i += 2) { yield i; }
}
array<int> seen = [];
for (int e : evens(7)) { seen.push(e); }

class Button {
    array<function> clicked = [];
    void click() { for (auto& h : clicked) { h(); } }
}
Button b;
int clicks = 0;
b.clicked.push([]() { clicks += 1; });
b.click();
b.click();

namespace game { int spawn_cost(int n) { return n * 5; } }
using game::spawn_cost;
float hp = 7.25;
string name = "  Ada ";
print(to_json(seen), " ", clicks, " ", `${string::trim(name)} has ${hp:.1f}`, " ", "42".to_int() + 1, " ", spawn_cost(3));

class Account { int balance = 0; }
Account a = Account();
Account b = a;                  // a copy
b.balance = 50;
print(a.balance, " ", b.balance);

shared_ptr<Account> shared = new Account();   // a shared reference
auto other = shared;
other.balance = 50;
print(shared.balance, " ", other.balance);

void deposit(Account acct) { acct.balance += 10; }        // gets a copy
void deposit_ref(Account& acct) { acct.balance += 10; }   // like ref Account
deposit(a);
deposit_ref(a);
print(a.balance);

class Unit { int hp = 10; void hit() { hp -= 1; } }
array<Unit> units = [Unit(), Unit()];
for (auto u : units) { u.hp -= 5; }        // u is a copy
print(units[0].hp);
for (auto& u : units) { u.hp -= 5; }       // u is the element
units[1].hit();
print(units[0].hp, " ", units[1].hp);
array<shared_ptr<Unit>> handles = [new Unit()];
for (auto h : handles) { h.hp = 1; }       // copies of a handle share the object
print(handles[0].hp);

var loose = 5;
loose = "now text";
auto locked = 5;
locked = 9.7;                   // converts: locked stays an int
print(loose, " ", locked);

auto locked = 5;
locked = "text";

class Thermostat {
    float celsius = 20.0;
    float _get_fahrenheit() { return celsius * 9.0 / 5.0 + 32.0; }
    void _set_fahrenheit(float f) { celsius = (f - 32.0) * 5.0 / 9.0; }
}
Thermostat t;
t.fahrenheit = 212.0;
print(t.celsius, " ", t.fahrenheit);
t.celsius = 0.0;
print(t.fahrenheit);

class Base {
private:
    int secret = 7;
}
class Derived : Base {
    int reveal() { return secret; }
}
print(Derived().reveal());
var b = Base();
try { print(b.secret); } catch (e) { print("caught: ", e); }

class Base { private int secret = 7; }

array<int> scores = [72, 95, 40, 88, 61];
// scores.Where(s => s >= 60).OrderByDescending(s => s).Take(3).Sum()
auto passed = array::filter(scores, s => s >= 60);
passed.sort((int a, int b) => a > b);
int top3 = array::slice(passed, 0, 3).reduce((int sum, int s) => sum + s, 0);
print(to_json(passed), " ", top3, " ", scores.some(s => s < 50), " ", scores.find_index(s => s > 90));

coroutine function fade(string what, int frames) {
    for (int f = 1; f <= frames; f++) { yield `${what} ${f}/${frames}`; }
    return `${what} done`;
}
auto job = fade("door", 3);
while (!job.done()) {
    print(job.next());
}

class Point { int x = 1; int y = 2; string to_string() { return "(" + x + ", " + y + ")"; } }
class Plain { int x = 1; }
Point p;
print(p);
print(to_string(p), " ", `${p}`, " ", "at " + p);
print(Plain());

string name = "ada";
string copy = name;
string upper = name.to_upper();       // changes name and returns it
print(name, " ", copy, " ", upper, " ", string::to_lower(upper), " ", upper);

class Config { static int volume = 7; }
print(Config::volume);
print(Config.volume);

int big = 2147483647;
print(big + 1);
int max = 9223372036854775807;
try { max += 1; } catch (e) { print("caught: ", e); }
print(math::wrap_add(max, 1));

class Item {
    string name;
    int price;
    Item(string n, int p) { name = n; price = p; }
    string to_string() { return `${name} (${price}g)`; }
}
class Shop {
private:
    int gold_value = 100;
public:
    array<Item> stock = [];
    array<function> on_sale = [];
    int _get_gold() { return gold_value; }          // a read-only property
    bool sell(string name) {
        for (int i = 0; i < stock.size(); i++) {
            if (stock[i].name == name) {
                Item sold = stock[i];
                stock.remove(i);
                gold_value += sold.price;
                for (auto& h : on_sale) { h(sold); }
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

shared_ptr<Shop> shop = new Shop();                 // one shared shop, like a C# reference
shop.stock = [Item("sword", 40), Item("potion", 5), Item("shield", 30)];
array<string> receipts = [];
shop.on_sale.push([](Item it) { receipts.push("sold " + it); });

coroutine customers() {
    yield "potion";
    yield "axe";
    yield "sword";
}
for (auto want : customers()) {
    if (!shop.sell(want)) { receipts.push("no " + want); }
}
auto cheap = array::filter(shop.stock, [](Item it) { return it.price < 50; });
print(receipts.join("; "));
print("gold: ", shop.gold, ", left: ", cheap.size(), " ", to_string(cheap[0]));